exclude column from search datatables

use columnsDef OR columns options.

'columnDefs' : [     // see https://datatables.net/reference/option/columns.searchable
    { 
       'searchable'    : false, 
       'targets'       : [0,1,4] 
    },
]

"columns": [
    { "searchable": false },
    null,
    null,
    null,
    null
]

datatable code for search disable for column, order for column disable or enable

 $(document).ready(function() {

$('#example').DataTable( {
/*  "aoColumnDefs": [
      { 'bSortable': false, 'aTargets': [ 0 ] }
   ]*/
   "columnDefs": [
    { "orderable": false, "targets": [1] },
    { 'searchable'  : false, 'targets' : [3] 
},
    
],
"order": [[ 3, "desc" ]]
});

});
  </script>